Drug Updates

Introduction Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a growing global threat, causing longer hospital stays, higher costs, and increased mortality. The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pandrug-resistant (PDR) bacteria—such as…

Introduction Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common and serious infection in ICU patients who undergo invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. It is caused by various microorganisms, including…

Introduction The rise of antimicrobial resistance, especially among Gram-negative bacteria, has led to the development of new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BL/BLI) combinations. Recently approved agents—cefepime/enmetazobactam, aztreonam/avibactam, and sulbactam/durlobactam—target resistant pathogens like…

Introduction Candidemia and invasive candidiasis continue to pose high morbidity and mortality risks, especially in healthcare settings. With rising fluconazole resistance and limitations of current echinocandin treatments such as prolonged…

Introduction (Article introduction authored by INCA Editorial Team) Acinetobacter baumannii complex (ABC), particularly its carbapenem-resistant strains (CRAB), presents a significant challenge due to its high resistance to antibiotics and its…

Introduction Isavuconazole, an advanced generation triazole antifungal, is effective against a wide range of yeasts, molds, and dimorphic fungi. Currently FDA-approved for managing invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis, its use in…

Introduction Nosocomial pneumonia, encompassing hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), is a major cause of mortality among critically ill patients. A growing number of cases are attributed to multi-drug-resistant…

Introduction (Article introduction authored by ICU Editorial Team) Treatments for rare and emerging invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) are urgently needed. Diseases such as mucormycosis, hyalohyphomycosis, and phaeohyphomycosis occur less frequently…

Introduction (Article introduction authored by ICU Editorial Team) Nosocomial CNS infections with carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Gram-negative and vancomycin-resistant Gram-positive bacteria present a growing therapeutic challenge. This review examines the pharmacokinetics,…

Introduction (Article introduction authored by ICU Editorial Team) Invasive candidiasis poses a growing global health threat, with rising incidence and high mortality rates despite limited treatment options. Antifungal resistance is…