Introduction Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. In this context, biomarkers could be considered as indicators of either infection or
Introduction Artificial intelligence–based clinical decision support (AI-CDS) tools to enhance personalized medicine is on the rise. In the ICU, complex and high-stakes decisions are made that might benefit from data-driven
Introduction Nosocomial pneumonia caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) is a growing concern worldwide due to limited treatment options and poor prognosis. VAP-prevention strategies have recently been grouped together into
Introduction Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients in South Asia frequently contract fungi infections. After urinary tract infections and tuberculosis, invasive fungal infections (IFI) are the third most frequent cause of
Introduction Robotics is frequently regarded as a crucial enabling technology for tomorrow’s society. This study looks at how robotics and intelligent medical devices (IMD) are used in intensive care. The
Introduction ICUs are settings of high antifungal consumption. Excessive antifungal use may cause individual and collective harm due to treatment-related adverse effects, drug–drug interactions and the selection of drug-resistant fungi,
Introduction One of the most dangerous organisms that cause major hospital acquired infections is P. aeruginosa. It is naturally resistant to many antimicrobial treatments, and the management of such infections
Introduction Critical care ultrasound (CCUS) is widely accepted in the field of critical care medicine as a valuable tool in the intensive care unit and emergency department. It plays a
Introduction Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is an acute infection affecting patients who are immunocompromised, as a result of receiving chemotherapy for malignancy, or immunosuppressant agents for transplantation or autoimmune disease. Whilst
Introduction Invasive fungal infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in critically ill patients Increasing resistance rates and inadequate antifungal exposure have been documented in these patients,
Background Fungal infections are a major problem affecting over one billion people annually. Emerging pathogens and increasing resistance rates are complicating the situation, while new therapeutic options remain slow to
Introduction A significant source of morbidity and mortality in haematological patients, particularly those undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), is invasive fungal diseases (IFD). Due to non-specific symptoms and a
Introduction Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) present an increasing global burden in immunocompromised and other seriously ill populations. Early diagnosis encompassing accurate detection and identification of the causative agent and of
Introduction As at-risk populations grow, invasive fungal infections keep rising. The high morbidity and mortality rates associated with fungal diseases require ongoing research into novel antifungal agents and diagnostic techniques
Introduction Direct damage to airway epithelium and immune dysregulation in severe viral pneumonia along with treatment with immunosuppressive agents is known to cause increased susceptibility to fungal superinfections, such as
Introduction The treatment of invasive fungal infections in liver transplant recipients is difficult because they are linked to increased morbidity and mortality. Despite a lack of clinical evidence, antifungal combination
Introduction One of the most important public health concerns is the ever-growing problem of antibiotic resistance. Importantly, the rate at which new molecules are introduced into clinical practise has slowed
Introduction Intelligent health applications are being developed using automation technology to help patients by providing smart health solutions. The proposed research aims to create an intelligent automated hospital infrastructure capable
Introduction In patients with underlying chronic lung disease, the prevalence of fungal infection is rising. The environmental mould Aspergillus fumigatus, as well as other filamentous fungi, are primarily responsible for
Introduction Triazole antifungals like voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole are used to treat invasive fungal infections like pulmonary aspergillosis. Triazoles inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) and cause fungal cell death by
Introduction The International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2021 and the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 share a common issue
Introduction Numerous testing advances have benefitted the study of infectious illnesses, beginning with the first light microscope in 1716, followed by Koch’s Postulates in 1890, and, most recently, the discovery
Introduction Infections caused by fungi can be important causes of morbidity and mortality in certain patient populations, including those who are highly immunocompromised or critically ill. Invasive mycoses can be
Introduction Despite advancements in antifungal therapy over the last two decades, invasive fungal infections (IFIs) continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients, particularly if
Introduction Surgical site infections (SSIs) are common postoperative complications caused by community or hospital-acquired bacteria, as well as other endogenous opportunistic germs, contaminating the surgical wound or implanted medical equipment.
Introduction This review highlights emerging fungal infections, including newly described species, such as Candida auris, and those that having undergone taxonomic classification and were previously known by other names, including
Introduction Heme-containing peroxidases are widely distributed in the animal and plant kingdoms and play an important role in host defense by generating potent oxidants. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), the prototype of heme-containing
Abstract According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 10.0 million people worldwide contracted tuberculosis (TB) in 2019, with 1.4 million people dying from the disease. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is caused by
Introduction In today’s medical critical care unit, point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) has become a standard of treatment (ICU). POCUS’s position in the medical ICU has expanded sequentially during the last three
Introduction While many antimicrobial classes and compounds are potent in vitro, they may be accompanied with excessive toxicity or poor pharmacokinetics, limiting their clinical value in specific situations. As a
Introduction Gram-negative bacteria cause two-thirds of infections in intensive care units (ICUs), and antibiotic resistance among these bacteria is a serious issue. Several multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,
Introduction Clinical imaging has a role in early identification and helps guide additional testing in patients with suspected Invasive fungal diseases (IFD). While the presence of particular lesions may raise
Introduction The alarmingly rising rates of sepsis and septic shock, as well as the related mortality, morbidity, and yearly treatment expenditures among ICU patients, are a growing source of worry.
Introduction Over the past 20 years or so, invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) have become one of the main causes of death in hematological patients treated with high-intensity chemotherapy and/or a
Introduction Cryptococcus neoformans is a life-threatening invasive fungal disease. It is more than merely a multi-organ infection; the fungus’ intracellular survival and extracellular proliferation play essential roles in the pathophysiology
Introduction The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a pandemic, putting enormous strain on healthcare systems around the world. Depending on the admission criteria and available resources,
Introduction Bacterial infections and sepsis cause major morbidity and death in patients hospitalised to the intensive care unit, and their management is complicated by the rise in antibiotic resistance worldwide.
Introduction Voriconazole is one of the first-line therapies for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Many factors, such as drug-drug interactions (DDIs), erratic absorption, and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), influence voriconazole exposure,
Introduction Candida glabrata is a new Candida species that causes infections ranging from minor to life-threatening systemic illness. Echinocandins and azoles are commonly employed as first-line therapy to treat C.
Abstract In a resource-limited country like India, rationing of scarce critical care resources might be required to ensure appropriate delivery of care to the critically ill patients suffering from COVID-19
Introduction Emerging data are now surfacing suggesting that recombinant protein vaccines indeed might offer an advantage or complement to the nucleic acid or viral vector vaccines that will likely reach
Background In critically ill patients, the use of high tigecycline dosages (HD TGC) (200 mg/day) has been recently increasing but few pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) data are available. We designed a prospective
Aim To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of colistimethate sodium and colistin in critically ill patients and correlate with clinical efficacy and renal function. Materials and Methods This prospective observational study was
Abstract These recommendations for physicians who perform bronchoscopy will help to protect those patients (un)-affected by the current COVID-19 pandemic, minimize the risk of transmission, and maintain clinical care for
Purpose It is now clear that the COVID-19 viruses can be transferred via airborne transmission. The objective of this study was to attempt the design and fabrication of an AMBU
Background De-escalation of empirical antimicrobial therapy, a key component of antibiotic stewardship, is considered difficult in ICUs with high rates of antimicrobial resistance. Objectives To assess the feasibility and the
Background The prolonged β-lactam infusion strategy has emerged as the standard treatment for sepsis or septic shock despite its unknown efficacy. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of prolonged
Abstract The latest pandemic, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), is associated with high prevalence and easy transmission, which is expanding globally with no conventional treatment or vaccine. The new virus revealed 79%
Objective The global burden of invasive fungal disease is increasing. Candida albicans remains the leading cause of fungal bloodstream infections, although non-albicans candidal infections are emerging. Areas of controversy regarding
Background The aim of this study is to determine whether severe COVID-19 patients harbour a higher risk of ICU-acquired pneumonia. Methods This retrospective multicentre cohort study comprised all consecutive patients
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