Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat. According to the CDC (2019), over 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections and 35,000 deaths occur annually in the U.S., rising to…
Introduction Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a growing global threat, causing longer hospital stays, higher costs, and increased mortality. The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pandrug-resistant (PDR) bacteria—such as…
Introduction Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are life-threatening in ICU patients, with rising incidence and persistently high mortality. The increase is linked to complex care needs, immunocompromised states, comorbidities, broad-spectrum antibiotic…
Introduction (Article introduction authored by INCA Editorial Team) Bacterial pneumonia remains a global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality, particularly in vulnerable populations. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia…
Introduction Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common and serious infection in ICU patients who undergo invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. It is caused by various microorganisms, including…
Introduction Respiratory distress is the leading cause of NICU admissions. Rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment are vital for improving outcomes. Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a key therapy but carries risks…
Introduction The intensive care unit (ICU) is a fast-paced, high-risk environment where human lives depend on rapid, precise decisions. Despite technological advancements, human and system-related errors—especially medication errors—remain a major…
Introduction Candida species are a major cause of hospital-acquired fungal infections, leading to significant illness and death, especially in critically ill or immunocompromised patients. While mucocutaneous forms like oral thrush…
Introduction The rise of antimicrobial resistance, especially among Gram-negative bacteria, has led to the development of new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BL/BLI) combinations. Recently approved agents—cefepime/enmetazobactam, aztreonam/avibactam, and sulbactam/durlobactam—target resistant pathogens like…
Introduction This post-hoc analysis of a multinational ICU study assessed and compared the clinical profiles, microbiological findings, and outcomes of immunosuppressed versus non-immunosuppressed patients with nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections…