Introduction Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are defined as 2 infections in 6 months or 3 in 12 months, with at least 2 weeks of symptom-free interval. Symptoms include frequent…
Introduction Nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections (nLRTIs), including HAP and VAP, remain a major healthcare burden due to high mortality and cost. Traditional culture methods are slow and often inconclusive.…
Introduction Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are bacteria resistant to at least one antibiotic in three or more antimicrobial categories, posing a serious global health threat. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) leads to increased…
Introduction Candidemia and invasive candidiasis continue to pose high morbidity and mortality risks, especially in healthcare settings. With rising fluconazole resistance and limitations of current echinocandin treatments such as prolonged…
Introduction (Article introduction authored by INCA Editorial Team) Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that frequently occurs in ICU patients with major trauma due to their compromised immune systems and severe…
Introduction (Article introduction authored by INCA Editorial Team) Sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated immune response to infection, remains a major global health challenge. Its high heterogeneity complicates…
Introduction (Article introduction authored by INCA Editorial Team) Acinetobacter baumannii complex (ABC), particularly its carbapenem-resistant strains (CRAB), presents a significant challenge due to its high resistance to antibiotics and its…
Introduction Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are a significant, often life-threatening condition affecting millions of patients annually, with treatment responsibility typically distributed across various healthcare providers, including surgeons, infectious disease specialists, and…
Introduction In recent years, invasive fungal infections have emerged as a significant public health threat, particularly among immunocompromised individuals such as those with HIV/AIDS, uncontrolled diabetes, hematological diseases, or those…
Introduction Invasive fungal diseases (IFD) pose significant morbidity and mortality risks, particularly among immunocompromised patients, but they can also affect non-neutropenic, critically ill adults in the ICU who lack classical…