Introduction Leptospiros is thought to be the most widespread zoonosis in the world. A systematic review estimated that there are more than one million cases worldwide, with nearly 60 000…
Introduction Sepsis remains a major global health challenge due to its complexity and delayed recognition. Artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise in improving early detection, risk prediction, and personalized treatment using…
Introduction Sepsis is a life-threatening condition, and fungal pathogens are an increasingly important cause, especially in high-risk groups. During COVID-19, fungal co-infections gained significant attention due to their high morbidity…
Introduction Sepsis is a critical medical emergency caused by an uncontrolled immune response to infection, resulting in organ dysfunction. It continues to be a major global health challenge with high…
Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health threat. According to the CDC (2019), over 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections and 35,000 deaths occur annually in the U.S., rising to…
Introduction Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a growing global threat, causing longer hospital stays, higher costs, and increased mortality. The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pandrug-resistant (PDR) bacteria—such as…
Introduction Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are life-threatening in ICU patients, with rising incidence and persistently high mortality. The increase is linked to complex care needs, immunocompromised states, comorbidities, broad-spectrum antibiotic…
Introduction (Article introduction authored by INCA Editorial Team) Bacterial pneumonia remains a global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality, particularly in vulnerable populations. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia…
Introduction Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common and serious infection in ICU patients who undergo invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. It is caused by various microorganisms, including…
Introduction Respiratory distress is the leading cause of NICU admissions. Rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment are vital for improving outcomes. Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a key therapy but carries risks…